Those famous Taoist priests who are extremely talented and have saved society and the people in history 历史上那些才华超人、救世济民的著名道士
Because the Taoist priests of past dynasties are as bright as stars, it is inevitable that some are missed due to the limited space.
Some famous Taoists are represented by other people of the same type and school, so they are not listed one by one, such as Lu Xiujing to Tao Hongjing, Wang Chongyang to Qiu Chuji...
In addition, there are many high-level Taoists who should be on the list, such as Wei Boyang, Zhang Jiao, Yu Ji, Ge Xuan, Wei Huacun, Guo Pu, Bao Gu, Cheng Xuanying, Yu Xuanji, Du Guangting, Zhang Boduan, Bai Yuchan, Shao Yuanjie, Lu Xixing, Fu Shan, Wang Changyue, Liu Yiming...
There are too many to list. Therefore, the previous article summarizes some famous Taoist examples with the word "etc.", of course, it would be better if they could be listed one by one.
About Laozi. He was regarded as the founder of the Taoist school and Taoism by later generations, and he was also a Taoist god. He was also posthumously named "Taishang Xuanyuan Emperor" and "Taishang Laojun Hunyuan Shangde Emperor" in the Tang and Song dynasties. This phenomenon should be unique in the world.
However, I think that as a great philosopher, an independent scholar with knowledge spanning multiple disciplines such as the universe, nature and human society, and the director of the National Library who is determined to save the world, Laozi should not be a Taoist priest, because Taoism had not yet been formed at that time.
Chen Yingning, who is called "the contemporary Taishang Laojun" by some people, is not a Taoist priest either, but a Taoist believer and researcher.
This article emphasizes that there is another type of famous Taoist priests who are highly respected and worshipped as gods in a certain area.
For example, Huang Daxian, a Taoist priest in the Jin Dynasty, is said to have great magical powers and benefit the area.
In my early years, I often went to Beijing Baiyun Temple. A Taoist priest came from Huang Daxian Zugong in Jinhua, Zhejiang. After his initial introduction and subsequent understanding through other channels, I learned that the belief in Huang Daxian has a huge influence in Guangdong, Hong Kong, Macao and Southeast Asia.
Another example is Pan Xian, a Taoist priest in the Jin Dynasty, that is, Pan Maoming, a famous Taoist priest in western Guangdong.
He healed the people, benefited his hometown, and had immeasurable merits, and was deeply loved by the people.
The local area was named Panzhou and Maoming City to commemorate this great Taoist, which is unique in Chinese history.
Another example is Xu Zhenjun, the Taoist Xu Xun of the Jin Dynasty.
He was an honest official, caring about people's livelihood, with outstanding political achievements, eliminating plagues and floods, writing books and focusing on Taoism.
As the founder of the Jingming School, Xu Zhenjun was worshipped as a patron saint by the people of Jiangyou.
There is also Mazu, the seafaring patron saint with a wide range of believers in coastal areas of eastern China.
According to existing research, it is said that Mazu was a witch in the Northern Song Dynasty who could predict people's disasters and blessings. She should be a female Taoist belonging to the Taoist system.
But it may also belong to folk beliefs that are closely related to Taoism and difficult to clearly define.
……
They are all highly respected in a certain area. The reason is that they all have special talents, extraordinary supernatural powers, and benevolence and kindness, and the desire to save society, so they are worshipped as gods and accepted.
This is not only the Taoist school and
Taoism, but also the spirit that our society should advocate. In Confucianism,
it is "If you are poor, you should take care of yourself; if you are rich,
you should help the world." In Buddhism, personal cultivation is
"Hinayana", and saving all sentient beings is "Mahayana". For thousands of
years, there has been a saying in Chinese society that "the Taoist priest
in troubled times goes down the mountain to save the world".
近日，网友们对我撰写的古往今来名气最大的道士是谁？尽人皆知却总被遗忘！一文提出了各项宝贵意见。诚如诸君所言，前文遗漏了历代很多著名道士，这也是笔者的遗憾。
由于历代高道如群星璀璨，而篇幅所限难免挂一漏万。
有的著名道士被同类型、同流派的其他人所代表，就没有一一列举，如陆修静之于陶弘景、王重阳之于丘处机……
此外还有不少高道理应榜上有名，如魏伯阳、张角、于吉、葛玄、魏华存、郭璞、鲍姑、成玄英、鱼玄机、杜光庭、张伯端、白玉蟾、邵元节、陆西星、傅山、王常月、刘一明……
实在太多了，举不胜举。所以，前文在举了一些名道例子后以“等”字概括，当然如果能一一列出自然更好。
关于老子。他被后人奉为道家学派、道教的开山祖师，也是道教的神祇，还在唐朝、宋朝被追封为“太上玄元皇帝”“太上老君混元上德皇帝”，这种现象应是举世独有。
但笔者以为，作为一位伟大的哲学家、学究天人的跨学科独立学者、志在拯救天下的守藏室之史，老子应该不是道士，因为当时道教还没有形成。
被有的人士称为“当代太上老君”的陈樱宁也并非道士，而是一位居士。
本文着重补充的，是还有一类著名道士，在一定区域内极受尊崇，奉为神祇。
如晋代道士黄大仙，即赤松子，相传神通广大，造福一方。
笔者早年常出入北京白云观，一位道长自浙江金华黄大仙祖宫而来，经他初始介绍和后续其他渠道了解，我知道了黄大仙信仰在粤港澳、东南亚影响巨大。
又如晋代道士潘仙，也就是在粤西地区名闻遐迩的高道潘茂名。
他医治百姓、造福桑梓、功德无量，深受人们爱戴。
是以当地得名潘州、茂名市，以此纪念这位高道，这在中国历史上绝无仅有。
再如许真君，即晋代道士许逊。
他为官清廉，心系民生，政绩卓著，除瘟疫、平水患，著书立说，潜心道术。
许真君作为净明派祖师，被江右百姓奉为守护神。
还有在中国东部沿海等地信众广泛的航海保护神妈祖。
以现有研究，相传妈祖为北宋女巫祝，能预知人祸福，应该是一位坤道，属于道教系统。
但也可能属于与道教关系密切、难以清晰界定的民间信仰。
……
他们都在一定区域内极受尊崇，究其原因，都有着特殊才能、过人神通，更具备仁心善念、救世情怀，是以被奉为神祇，接受膜拜。
而这，既是道家学派、道教，也是我们社会应该倡导的精神。于儒之言是为“穷则独善其身，达则兼济天下”，于佛之言则谓个人修真是为“小乘”，普渡众生方为“大乘”。而千百年来，中国社会就有“乱世道士下山救世”的俗话流传于今。
Comments
Post a Comment